Booth's Multiplication Algorithm Step by Step Calculator

If the binary is start with 1 (e.g. 1111 1011) but another binary is start with 0 (e.g. 0001 1011). It is likely these is 2's complement binary, which signed number (e.g.: positive +6 = 0000 0110 × negative -6 = 1111 1010, Binary Word Length = 8-bit) are exists and word length does matter.
Show Step-by-Step Addition Calculation

Booth's Multiplication Algorithm & Multiplier, including Booth's Recoding and Bit-Pair Recoding Method (aka Modified Booth Algorithm), Step by Step Calculator

Booth's Multiplication Algorithm is a multiplication algorithm that multiplies two signed binary numbers in two's complement notation.

Question Examples:

Question 1: Multiply 3 times -25 using 6-bit numbers

Answer:

310 = 00 00112

-2510 = 10 01112

MultiplierBooth
Multiplier
Bit[i]Bit[i-1]
000
01+1
10-1
110
Booth Multiplier Recoding Table:
Multiplier: 1001110
Booth Recoding: -1  0 +1  0  0 -1
*A red zero is added after the least significant bit (LSB) for the conversion
Click on the zeros in "Booth Recoding" above to view the pair of bit of each conversion!
 000011
  Ã— -10+100-1
111111111101 
000000011 
000000010101 
1111101 
111110110101
Booth MultiplierBit-Pair Recoding Multiplier
Bit[i]Bit[i-1]Bit[i]Bit[i-1]
1-101
-110-1
1002
-100-2
Bit-Pair Recoding Table:
Multiplier: 1001110
Booth Recoding: -1  0 +1  0  0 -1
Bit-Pair Recoding: -2 +2 -1
If the Multiplier is an odd number of bits, a 1/0 bit is added to extent the multiplier to an even number of bits before the most significant bit (MSB) for the Bit-Pair Recoding Method conversion. Since the Multiplier is an even number of bits, we don't add the bit before MSB.
Same as the Booth Recoding above, a red zero is added after the least significant bit (LSB) for the Booth Recoding conversion

 000011
  Ã— 0-20+20-1
1111111111101 
00000000110 
0000000010101 
111111010 
1111110110101

Question 2: Compute C = A × B using the Booth algorithm to multiply the two significands. (Both numbers have to be in 2’s complement form.)

Sa = 01.1000001 (including a sign bit)

Sb = 01.1111011 (including a sign bit)

Answer:

Word Length = 9

Binary's decimal point position = Multiplicand least significant bit (LSB) × Multiplier LSB = 2-7 × 2-7 = 2-7 + -7 = 2-14
(The 15th bit from right to left contains decimal point)


MultiplierBooth
Multiplier
Bit[i]Bit[i-1]
000
01+1
10-1
110
Booth Multiplier Recoding Table:
Multiplier: 01.11110110
Booth Recoding: +1  0.  0  0  0 -1 +1  0 -1
*A red zero is added after the least significant bit (LSB) for the conversion
Click on the zeros in "Booth Recoding" above to view the pair of bit of each conversion!
 01.1000001
  Ã— +10.000-1+10-1
1111 11111100111111 
0000 000011000001 
0000 00001001000011 
1111 11100111111 
1111 11110000111011 
0011 000001 
0010.11110100111011
Booth MultiplierBit-Pair Recoding Multiplier
Bit[i]Bit[i-1]Bit[i]Bit[i-1]
+1-10+1
-1+10-1
+100+2
-100-2
 Same as Booth Recoding:
0-10-1
0+10+1
0000
Bit-Pair Recoding Table:
Multiplier: 00111110110
Booth Recoding
(for Bit-Pair Recoding Method):		  0 +1  0.  0  0  0 -1 +1  0 -1
Bit-Pair: +1 0 0 -1 -1
*A red 1/0 bit is added to extent the multiplier to an even number of bits before the most significant bit (MSB) for the Bit-Pair Recoding Method conversion. Add 1 if the multiplier is negative two's complement, and 0 if it is positive.
Same as the Booth Recoding above, a red zero is added after the least significant bit (LSB) for the Booth Recoding conversion
Click on the zeros in "Booth Recoding" above to view the pair of bit of each conversion!
 01.1000001
  Ã— +10.0000-10-1
111111 11111100111111 
111111 111100111111 
111111 11110000111011 
000011 000001 
000010.11110100111011